Non-destructive estimation of potato leaf chlorophyll from canopy hyperspectral reflectance using the inverted PROSAIL model     

Elizabeth J. Botha  Brigitte Leblon  Bernie Zebarth  James Watmough   《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2007,9(4):360-374

Optimizing nitrogen (N) fertilization in crop production by in-season measurements of crop N status may improve fertilizer N use efficiency. Hyperspectral measurements may be used to assess crop N status by estimating leaf chlorophyll content. This study evaluated the ability of the PROSAIL canopy-level reflectance model to predict leaf chlorophyll content. Trials were conducted with two potato cultivars under different N fertility rates (0–300 kg N ha⁻¹). Canopy reflectance, leaf area index (LAI) and leaf chlorophyll and N contents were measured. The PROSAIL model was able to predict leaf chlorophyll content with reasonable accuracy later in the growing season. The low estimation accuracy earlier in the growing season could be due to model sensitivity to non-homogenous canopy architecture and soil background interference before full canopy closure. Canopy chlorophyll content (leaf chlorophyll content × LAI) was predicted less accurately than leaf chlrophyll content due to the low estimation accuracy of LAI for values higher than 4.5.  相似文献   

基于室内光谱测量的玉米单叶偏振与二向性反射关系研究     

宋开山  张柏  赵云升  王宗明  杜佳 《遥感学报》2007,11(5):632-640

本研究利用多角度光度计实测了玉米单叶的偏振反射比与二向反射比数据。该光度计能够在不同的观测天顶角、入射天顶角和方位角下测量目标物的偏振反射和二向反射,获得地物目标在2π空间的多角度观测数据。通过分析实测的偏振反射和二向反射数据,得出了玉米单叶的偏振反射与二向反射之间关系密切,最大与最小偏振反射比之和的平均数约等于同等观测条件下玉米叶片的二向反射比。该研究成果为植被遥感监测做出了一种新的尝试,并且对偏振光遥感、多角度遥感的深入研究与应用提供了依据。  相似文献   

A review on reflective remote sensing and data assimilation techniques for enhanced agroecosystem modeling     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2007,9(2):165-193

During the last 50 years, the management of agroecosystems has been undergoing major changes to meet the growing demand for food, timber, fibre and fuel. As a result of this intensified use, the ecological status of many agroecosystems has been severely deteriorated. Modeling the behavior of agroecosystems is, therefore, of great help since it allows the definition of management strategies that maximize (crop) production while minimizing the environmental impacts. Remote sensing can support such modeling by offering information on the spatial and temporal variation of important canopy state variables which would be very difficult to obtain otherwise.In this paper, we present an overview of different methods that can be used to derive biophysical and biochemical canopy state variables from optical remote sensing data in the VNIR-SWIR regions. The overview is based on an extensive literature review where both statistical–empirical and physically based methods are discussed. Subsequently, the prevailing techniques of assimilating remote sensing data into agroecosystem models are outlined. The increasing complexity of data assimilation methods and of models describing agroecosystem functioning has significantly increased computational demands. For this reason, we include a short section on the potential of parallel processing to deal with the complex and computationally intensive algorithms described in the preceding sections.The studied literature reveals that many valuable techniques have been developed both for the retrieval of canopy state variables from reflective remote sensing data as for assimilating the retrieved variables in agroecosystem models. However, for agroecosystem modeling and remote sensing data assimilation to be commonly employed on a global operational basis, emphasis will have to be put on bridging the mismatch between data availability and accuracy on one hand, and model and user requirements on the other. This could be achieved by integrating imagery with different spatial, temporal, spectral, and angular resolutions, and the fusion of optical data with data of different origin, such as LIDAR and radar/microwave.  相似文献   

利用多角度POLDER偏振资料实现陆地上空大气气溶胶光学厚度和地表反照率的同时反演 I. 理论与模拟          下载免费PDF全文

段民征  吕达仁 《大气科学》2007,31(5):757-765

陆地上空标量辐射对地表反射率和大气气溶胶散射都具有很强的敏感性,而偏振反射只对大气气溶胶敏感,对地表不敏感。根据这个原理并结合POLDER(POLarization and Directionality of Earth Reflectance)资料的特点,作者提出综合利用标量辐射和偏振反射信息来实现陆地上空大气气溶胶和地表反照率的同时反演。首先,利用多角度偏振辐射观测提取大气气溶胶光学参数,再利用标量辐射测量对偏振反演结果作进一步筛选和订正,同时获得地表反射率。数值模拟试验结果证明,仅利用偏振信息只能获取大气气溶胶信息,而且其结果误差较大,特别是对于散射作用较强的短波长通道如670 nm误差更大,但经过标量辐射订正后的结果得到明显改善,气溶胶光学厚度和地表反射率与真实值之间相关系数都达到0.99以上。为提高查找表的计算效率,提出并建立了反演方案所需要的半参数化数值表,利用内插方法寻求气溶胶光学厚度和地表反射率的数值解的反演方法。  相似文献   

大型沉水植物狐尾藻不同盖度的光谱特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

袁琳  张利权 《遥感学报》2007,11(4):609-616

地物特征与其光谱特征的关系是解译遥感影像的关键。本研究利用ASD便携式地物光谱仪对上海崇明国际湿地公园人工湖中的沉水植物狐尾藻的反射光谱进行了初步研究。结果表明,随狐尾藻盖度的增加,其光谱反射率、一阶和二阶导数红边斜率的峰值也相应增加,不同盖度狐尾藻的光谱反射率的差异主要表现在500—650nm和700—900nm波段范围。分别对狐尾藻盖度与这些波段的光谱反射率及根据一阶和二阶导数获得的光谱指数进行回归分析,得到了较好的线性关系。应用回归分析得到的线性方程,可以根据测定的光谱反射率定量反演水体中的狐尾藻盖度。研究结果可为监测大型沉水植物的高光谱遥感影像解译和分类提供技术支撑,为大尺度遥感监测沉水植物的分布和动态变化提供科学依据。  相似文献   

高温超高压模拟实验研究--Ⅱ.高温高压下烷烃产物的演化特征   总被引：17，自引：1，他引：16  

姜峰  杜建国 《沉积学报》1998,16(4):145-148

对不成熟泥炭样品进行了高压（0.1～2 GPa) 、高温( 200 ℃～400 ℃）模拟实验,并对实验后样品的烷烃产物进行了分析。结果显示,同一压力条件下,温度升高,烷烃参数表现出更成熟的特征;温度较低时（200 ℃）,压力升高,烷烃参数表现出不成熟,温度较高时（400 ℃）,除个别特殊点之外,压力增大,烷烃参数愈来愈不成熟,说明温压条件都是影响有机质成熟的重要因素,压力的存在会抑制有机质的成熟作用。用模拟实验手段来探讨压力的作用和影响,具有重要的理论及实际意义。  相似文献   

傅立叶变换红外光谱联用技术在化石燃料分析中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高志农  牛菲 《岩矿测试》1998,17(1):58-63

对傅立叶变换红外光谱联用技术在化石燃料分析中的应用进行了较全面的总结评述,重点介绍了气相色谱／红外光谱联机、高压液相色谱／红外光谱联机、薄层色谱／红外光谱联机、超临界流体色谱／红外光谱联机、裂解色谱／红外光谱联机、热重分析／红外光谱联机、气相色谱／红外光谱／质谱三机联用技术等在化石燃料的结构组分分析、成因机理研究及其勘探等诸方面的重要应用,尤其是在芳香族化合物和几何异构体的分离鉴定方面发挥出的突出功效。引用文献５９篇。  相似文献   

铝硅酸盐矿物和玻璃中Al的配位与局部结构   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

彭明生  李迪恩 《矿物学报》1998,18(4):425-430

利用同步辐射的AlK边X射线吸收近进结构（XANES）谱研究了刚玉和铝硅酸盐矿物（蓝晶石,红柱石,夕线石和钠长石）中Al的配位与局部结构,证明该方法可以作为新的结构探针研究结构未知体系中Al的配位与局部结构。例如,Al的K边XANES谱证明在室温压条件,钠长石玻璃中的Al保持为四面体配位（AlIV）,局部结构与钠长石晶体中的Al相似;尽管硬玉晶体中的Al为八面体配位,但硬玉玻璃中的Al变为四面体配位（AlIV）。而在相同的高温压条件（4．4GPa,1575C）下制备的硬玉-钠长石玻璃系列中,压力引起四面体配位的Al变成五次（Alv）和六次配位（AlVl）,且五次和六次配位Al的比例随玻璃中硬玉含量的增加而增大。  相似文献   

Upper Limit of Iodine Oxide in the Lower Stratosphere     

Irene Pundt  Jean-Pierre Pommereau  Celine Phillips  Eric Lateltin 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1998,30(1):173-185

It has been suggested that iodine oxides, IOx, could play a significant role in the ozone destruction in the lower stratosphere. To investigate this suggestion, spectra from nine SAOZ uv-visible spectrometer balloon flights were examined for the IO absorption signature between 405 and 450 nm. IO was not detected, either at mid- or high latitude, in the morning or the evening, in summer or winter. An upper limit of 0.2 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) at 20 km and 0.1 pptv at 15 km at the 95% confidence level (2), was derived from the best measurements at 90° SZA at sunset and sunrise. Since a photochemical model shows that 70% of inorganic iodine should be in the form IO at that time, it is concluded that unless iodine chemistry is different from that assumed at the moment, the role of iodine in stratospheric ozone depletion is small.  相似文献   

Intercomparison of Tropospheric OH Measurements by Different Laser Techniques during the POPCORN Campaign 1994     

A. Hofzumahaus  U. Aschmutat  U. Brandenburger  T. Brauers  H.-P. Dorn  M. Hausmann  M. Heßling  F. Holland  C. Plass-Dülmer  D. H. Ehhalt 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1998,31(1-2):227-246

In-situ OH measurements by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy and folded long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) were carried out in a rural environment in North-East Germany as part of the field experiment POPCORN in August 1994. The large set of OH data obtained allowed an intercomparison of both techniques based on relative diurnal profiles and simultaneously measured absolute concentrations. Most of the time the two OH instruments encountered the same air and agreed well in the measured relative diurnal variations. Only on a few occasions the measurements significantly disagreed due to a perturbation of the DOAS measurements by a local OH source in the north-western wind sector. Excluding data from this wind direction, the statistical analysis of 137 data pairs yields a correlation coefficient of r = 0.90 and a weighted linear fit with a slope of 1.09 ± 0.12. The correlations are carefully analyzed. The comparison of both instruments is discussed in the light of newly published effective absorption cross-sections for H2O and O2 that affect the calibration of LIF.  相似文献